P2RY12 ko het het hero IBA1 ICC
ioMicroglia P2RY12 knockout het and hom phagocytosis
ioMicroglia P2RY12 knockout het and hom cytokine secretion
P2RY12 ko het het hero IBA1 ICC-1
Microglia P2RY12 het ko BF morphology
Micrgolia P2RY12 HET KO flow plots
P2RY12 ko het het hero IBA1 ICC
ioMicroglia P2RY12 knockout het and hom phagocytosis
ioMicroglia P2RY12 knockout het and hom cytokine secretion
P2RY12 ko het het hero IBA1 ICC-1
Microglia P2RY12 het ko BF morphology
Micrgolia P2RY12 HET KO flow plots

cat no | io6015

ioMicroglia P2RY12 null/WT

Human iPSC-derived microglia model

  • Cryopreserved human iPSC-derived cells powered by opti-ox, that are ready for experiments in days

  • Built to investigate the impact of P2RY12 knockout for neuroinflammation research

  • Consistently perform key phagocytic and cytokine secretion functions, and are co-culture compatible

P2RY12 ko het het hero IBA1 ICC

Human iPSC-derived microglia for neuroinflammation research

ioMicroglia P2RY12 knockout het and hom phagocytosis

Phagocytosis of ioMicroglia P2RY12null/wt is demonstrated comparably to the WT control and ioMicroglia P2RY12null/null

Phagocytosis was analysed at day 10 post-revival after incubation with 1 µg/0.33 cm2 pHrodo RED labelled E. coli particles for 24 hours +/- cytochalasin D control. The graph displays the proportion of cells phagocytosing E.coli over 24 hours. ioMicroglia P2RY12null/wt cells display a similar  proportion of phagocytosis compared to the ioMicroglia P2RY12null/null and WT control. Images were acquired every 30 mins on the Incucyte® looking at red fluorescence and phase contrast. Three technical replicates were performed experiment. 

ioMicroglia P2RY12 knockout het and hom cytokine secretion

Key cytokine secretion function displayed by ioMicroglia P2RY12 null/wt 

Cytokine secretion was analysed at day 10 post-revival after stimulation with LPS 100 ng/ml and IFNɣ 20 ng/ml for 24 hours. This revealed that ioMicroglia P2RY12null/wt cells display a similar level of cytokine secretion compared to the ioMicroglia P2RY12null/null and WT control. Supernatants were harvested and analysed using MSD V-plex Proinflammatory Kit. Three technical replicates were performed per experiment.

P2RY12 ko het het hero IBA1 ICC-1

ioMicroglia P2RY12 null/wt express IBA1 comparably to the genetically matched wild-type control

Immunofluorescent staining on day 10 post-revival demonstrates similar homogenous expression of the microglia marker IBA1 and ramified morphology in ioMicroglia P2RY12 null/wt cells compared to the genetically matched wild-type control, ioMicroglia Male. 100X magnification.

Microglia P2RY12 het ko BF morphology

ioMicroglia P2RY12 null/wt show expected ramified morphology by day 10

ioMicroglia P2RY12null/wt cells mature rapidly and key ramified morphology can be identified by day 4 and continues through to day 10, similarly to the WT control. Day 1 to 10 post-thawing; 100x magnification.

Micrgolia P2RY12 HET KO flow plots

P2RY12null/wt heterozygous knockout confirmed by flow cytometry analysis

Flow cytometry analysis of ioMicroglia P2RY12null/wt demonstrates heterozygous knockout of the P2RY12 gene translating to the protein level. Microglia purity demonstrated by >95% expression of CD45, CD11b and CD14 expression.

Vial limit exceeded

A maximum number of 20 vials applies. If you would like to order more than 20 vials, please contact us at orders@bit.bio.

Human iPSC-derived

model for neuroinflammation research

ioMicroglia P2RY12 null/WT are opti-ox deterministically programmed microglia engineered as a heterozygous knockout of the P2RY12 gene. P2RY12 is a purinergic receptor that plays essential roles in microglia motility and migration, and is critical for initiating microglial responses to inflammation and damage.

These cells offer a functional, rapidly maturing model to study the role of P2RY12 in neuroinflammation research, alongside a genetically matched wild-type control.

Two clones are available on request, all genetically matched to the wild type control, ioMicroglia Male. The knockout model cells and the wild-type control offer a physiologically relevant model to investigate the effect of P2RY12 on microglia cellular and molecular mechanisms.

Benchtop benefits

comparison_0

Making True Comparisons

Pair with the homozygous knockout and the genetically matched wild-type ioMicroglia to directly investigate the effect of P2RY12.

quick_0

Quick

Rapidly maturing cells that are ready to use in 4 days post-revival, in mono- and co-cultures.

functional_0

Functional

Display key phagocytic and cytokine secretion functions.

Cells arrive ready to plate


bit.bio_ioMicroglia_timeline_horizontal_withoutdox

ioMicroglia P2RY12 null/WT are delivered in a cryopreserved format and are programmed to rapidly mature upon revival in the recommended media. The protocol for the generation of these cells is a three-phase process: an Induction phase that is carried out at bit.bio, Phase 1: Stabilisation for 24 hours, Phase 2: Maturation for a further 9 days, Phase 3: the Maintenance phase. ioMicroglia are ready to use from day 4* for the key assays phagocytosis and cytokine secretion, day 10 is recommended for full maturation.
*Recommendations based on data from ioMicroglia Male WT.

Product specifications

Starting material

Human iPSC line

Seeding compatibility

6, 12, 24, 96 & 384 well plates

Shipping info

Dry ice

Donor

Caucasian adult male (skin fibroblast),
Genotype APOE 3/3

Vial size

Small: >1.5 x 10⁶ viable cells, Evaluation pack*: 3 small vials of >1.5 x 10⁶ viable cells

Quality control

Sterility, protein expression (ICC), and functional phagocytosis

Differentiation method

opti-ox deterministic cell programming

Recommended seeding density

40,000 to 80,000 cells/cm²

User storage

LN2 or -150°C

Format

Cryopreserved cells

Product use

ioCells are for research use only

Genetic modification

Heterozygous knockout mutation in the P2RY12 gene

Applications

Drug discovery and development
Neuroinflammation modelling
Phagocytosis assays
cytokine response assays
Co-culture studies

Available clones

io6015S: ioMicroglia P2RY12 null/wt (clone 747P1D1)
io6014S: ioMicroglia P2RY12 null/wt (clone 747P1C1)

* Evaluation packs are intended for first-time users, or for existing users testing a new cell type or derivative. A user can request multiple evaluation packs as long as each one is for a different product, with only one pack allowed per product.

Technical data

Highly characterised and defined

ioMicroglia P2RY12 null/WT express IBA1 comparably to the genetically matched wild-type control
P2RY12 ko het het hero IBA1 ICC-1
Immunofluorescent staining on day 10 post-revival demonstrates similar homogenous expression of the microglia marker IBA1 and ramified morphology in ioMicroglia P2RY12 null/WT cells compared to the genetically matched wild-type control, ioMicroglia Male. 100X magnification.

ioMicroglia P2RY12 null/WT show expected ramified morphology by day 10

Microglia P2RY12 het ko BF morphology

ioMicroglia P2RY12 null/WT cells mature rapidly and key ramified morphology can be identified by day 4 and continues through to day 10, similarly to the WT control. Day 1 to 10 post-thawing; 100x magnification.

 
P2RY12 null/WT homozygous knockout confirmed by flow cytometry analysis
Micrgolia P2RY12 HET KO flow plots
Flow cytometry analysis of ioMicroglia P2RY12 null/WT demonstrates the heterozygous knockout of the P2RY12 gene is translated to the protein level. Microglia purity demonstrated by >95% expression of CD45, CD11b and CD14 expression.

Cytokine secretion

Key cytokine secretion function displayed by ioMicroglia P2RY12 null/WT 

ioMicroglia P2RY12 knockout het and hom cytokine secretion

Cytokine secretion was analysed at day 10 post-revival after stimulation with LPS 100 ng/ml and IFNɣ 20 ng/ml for 24 hours. This revealed that ioMicroglia P2RY12 null/WT cells display a similar level of cytokine secretion compared to the ioMicroglia P2RY12 null/null and WT control. Supernatants were harvested and analysed using MSD V-plex Proinflammatory Kit. Three technical replicates were performed per experiment. 

Phagocytosis of E. coli

Phagocytosis capability of ioMicroglia P2RY12 null/WT is comparable to the WT control and ioMicroglia P2RY12 null/null
ioMicroglia P2RY12 knockout het and hom phagocytosis
ioMicroglia P2RY12 knockout het and hom degree of phagocytosis
Phagocytosis was analysed at day 10 post-revival after incubation with 1 µg/0.33 cm2 pHrodo RED labelled E. coli particles for 24 hours +/- cytochalasin D control. The graph displays 1) the proportion of cells phagocytosing E.coli and 2) the fluorescence intensity per cell demonstrating the degree of phagocytosis over 24 hours. ioMicroglia P2RY12 null/wt cells display a similar  proportion of phagocytosis compared to the ioMicroglia P2RY12 null/null and WT control. Images were acquired every 30 mins on the Incucyte® looking at red fluorescence and phase contrast. Three technical replicates were performed per experiment. 
Technical data

Cytokine secretion measured by MSD assay

Key cytokine secretion function displayed by ioMicroglia P2RY12 null/WT 

ioMicroglia P2RY12 knockout het and hom cytokine secretion

Cytokine secretion was analysed at day 10 post-revival after stimulation with LPS 100 ng/ml and IFNɣ 20 ng/ml for 24 hours. This revealed that iioMicroglia P2RY12 null/WT cells display a similar level of cytokine secretion compared to the ioMicroglia P2RY12 null/null and WT control. Supernatants were harvested and analysed using MSD V-plex Proinflammatory Kit. Three technical replicates were performed per experiment. 

How to culture ioMicroglia

In this video, our scientist will take you through the step-by-step process of how to thaw, seed and culture ioMicroglia.

Product resources

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value=webinar_|_modelling_human_neurodegenerative_diseases}, {label=ioGABAergic Neurons!, value=iogabaergic_neurons}], media_contact=<p>&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>, listing_button_label=Watch now}, {hs_name=Alzheimer’s Disease Pathogenesis: Emerging Role of Microglia, hs_id=161968263522, hs_path=alzheimers-disease-pathogenesis-emerging-role-of-microglia, button_label=null, button_link=null, type={label=Webinar, value=Webinar}, thumbnail={alt_text=, width=1200, url=https://14527135.fs1.hubspotusercontent-na1.net/hubfs/14527135/Emails/Webinar/Bit-bio%20Resources%20-%20ioMicroglia%20GEN%20Webinar.png, height=730}, year={label=2022, value=2022}, summary=<p>Dr Matthias Pawlowski | Head, Dementia-Sensitive Hospital | University of Münster</p> <p><span>Dr Malathi Raman | Senior Product Manager | bit.bio</span></p>, date_published=1708214400000, sort_date=1666569600000, tags=[{label=ioMicroglia, value=ioMicroglia}, {label=ioOligodendrocyte-like cells, value=ioOligodendrocyte-like cells}, {label=Webinars , value=webinars}, {label=Webinar | Alzheimer’s Disease Pathogenesis, value=webinar_|_alzheimer’s_disease_pathogenesis}], media_contact=<p>&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>, listing_button_label=Watch now}, {hs_name=Rethinking Developmental Biology With Cellular Reprogramming, hs_id=161968263524, hs_path=rethinking-developmental-biology-with-cellular-reprogramming, button_label=Explore ioCells, button_link=https://www.bit.bio/discover-iocells, type={label=Webinar, value=Webinar}, thumbnail={alt_text=, width=1860, url=https://14527135.fs1.hubspotusercontent-na1.net/hubfs/14527135/Website%20content/Upcoming%20Webinars/Tech%20Nets%202023/bit.bio_ioGlutamatergic%20Neurons_20xMAP2(red)Hoescht(blue)_day12v2.png, height=1260}, year={label=2023, value=2023}, summary=<p>Mark Kotter | CEO and founder | bit.bio</p> <p>Marius Wernig | Professor Departments of Pathology and Chemical and Systems Biology |&nbsp; Stanford University</p>, date_published=1709164800000, sort_date=1681776000000, tags=[{label=ioGlutamatergic Neurons, value=ioGlutamatergic Neurons}, {label=ioMicroglia, value=ioMicroglia}, {label=Cell therapy, value=Cell therapy}, {label=ioSensory Neurons, value=ioSensory Neurons}, {label=ioOligodendrocyte-like cells, value=ioOligodendrocyte-like cells}, {label=Webinars , value=webinars}, {label=Webinar | Rethinking Developmental Biology, value=webinar_|_rethinking_developmental_biology}, {label=ioGABAergic Neurons!, value=iogabaergic_neurons}], media_contact=null, listing_button_label=Watch now}, {hs_name=Mastering Cell Identity In A Dish: The Power Of Cellular Reprogramming, hs_id=161968263526, hs_path=mastering-cell-identity-in-a-dish-the-power-of-cellular-reprogramming, button_label=null, button_link=null, type={label=Webinar, value=Webinar}, thumbnail={alt_text=, width=3926, url=https://14527135.fs1.hubspotusercontent-na1.net/hubfs/14527135/Website%20content/Upcoming%20Webinars/GEN%2023rd%20June%202023/io1013S-ioGlutamatergic-Neurons-PRKN-R275W-heterozygous-ICC-DAPI-MAP2.jpeg, height=1629}, year={label=2023, value=2023}, summary=<p>Prof Roger Pedersen | Adjunct Professor and Senior Research Scientist at Stanford University&nbsp;</p> <p>Dr Thomas Moreau | Director of Cell Biology Research | bit.bio</p>, date_published=1709856000000, sort_date=1686700800000, tags=[{label=ioMicroglia, value=ioMicroglia}, {label=ioSensory Neurons, value=ioSensory Neurons}, {label=ioMotor Neurons, value=ioMotor Neurons}, {label=Webinars , value=webinars}, {label=Webinar | Mastering Cell Identity, value=webinar_|_mastering_cell_identity}, {label=ioGABAergic Neurons!, value=iogabaergic_neurons}], media_contact=null, listing_button_label=Watch now}, {hs_name=Sex differences in neurological research, hs_id=187101246980, hs_path=sex-differences-in-neurological-research, 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Comparing human iPSC-derived ioMicroglia to immortalised HMC3 cell line: A case study Talk
Comparing human iPSC-derived ioMicroglia to immortalised HMC3 cell line: A case study

Euan Yates | Scientist | bit.bio

 

Human Cell Forum 2025
Session 2 | bit.bio insider: Tools, tips, and what’s coming next

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How to culture ioMicroglia Video tutorial
How to culture ioMicroglia
Prachi Bhagwatwar​​​​ | ​Research Assistant | bit.bio
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Sex differences in neurological research Webinar
Sex differences in neurological research

Antonella Santuccione Chadha, MD | Founder and CEO | Women’s Brain Foundation

Melanie Einsiedler, PhD | Scientific Contributor | Women’s Brain Foundation


Rebecca Northeast, PhD | Senior Product Manager | bit.bio

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ioMicroglia | User manual User manual
ioMicroglia | User manual

V8

bit.bio

2025

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Alzheimer’s Disease Pathogenesis - Emerging Role of Microglia

In this GEN webinar, hear from our distinguished expert, Dr Matthias Pawlowski, and learn about the emerging role of microglia in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease and their potential as a therapeutic target to treat this disease effectively.

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GFP-expressing cells enable easy visualisation, tracking and isolation in complex multi-cell cultures
Light up your co-cultures
Track GFP ioMicroglia in complex multi-cell cultures
Expand your research
Light up your co-cultures
Track GFP ioMicroglia in complex multi-cell cultures
GFP-expressing cells enable easy visualisation, tracking and isolation in complex multi-cell cultures

Human iPSC-derived microglia engineered to constitutively express GFP enable easy visualisation, tracking and isolation of cells in complex multi-cell cultures.

Discover the data

Study disease mechanisms in microglia-neuron interactions in an in vitro co-culture model.
Model neurodegenerative disease with physiologically relevant co-cultures
Study disease mechanisms in microglia-neuron interactions
Expand your research
Model neurodegenerative disease with physiologically relevant co-cultures
Study disease mechanisms in microglia-neuron interactions
Study disease mechanisms in microglia-neuron interactions in an in vitro co-culture model.

Access 20 neuronal disease models and 4 microglia disease models with a single co-culture protocol.


View the co-culture protocol

Explore ioGlutamatergic Neuron Disease Models
Explore ioMicroglia Disease Models

hIPSC-derived microglial cells in multiple donor backgrounds for neuroinflammation studies.
Model diversity with ioMicroglia Female
De-risk compound screening with microglia from diverse backgrounds
Expand your research
Model diversity with ioMicroglia Female
De-risk compound screening with microglia from diverse backgrounds
hIPSC-derived microglial cells in multiple donor backgrounds for neuroinflammation studies.

Women are greatly underrepresented in drug development and clinical trials.
Introducing female-derived cells into the early stage of research and drug discovery can help to better address this disparity.

Key applications for Female ioMicroglia in neurodegeneration drug discovery
- Neuroinflammatory in vitro modelling
- Target ID and validation
- Compound screening

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CRISPR-ready human iPSC-derived cells, which constitutively express Cas9.
Simplify gene knockouts and CRISPR screens
Have you considered CRISPRko-Ready ioMicroglia?
Expand your research
Simplify gene knockouts and CRISPR screens
Have you considered CRISPRko-Ready ioMicroglia?
CRISPR-ready human iPSC-derived cells, which constitutively express Cas9.

Built from our ioMicroglia Male and engineered to constitutively express Cas9.
With optimised guide RNA delivery protocols and high knockout efficiency, start measuring readouts from gene knockouts and CRISPR screens within days.
Save months of work by skipping complex cell line engineering and cell differentiation workflows.

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ioCells catalogue

Human iPSC-derived cells

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Consistent. Defined. Scalable.

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