ioMicroglia Male

Male human iPSC donor-derived microglia

ioMicroglia (io1021) are male donor-derived human microglial cells, deterministically programmed using opti-ox technology.

Within 10 days post-revival, ioMicroglia are ready for experimentation, expressing (>90%) key microglia markers, including TMEM119, P2RY12, IBA1, TREM2, CX3CR1, CD11b, CD45, and CD14.

ioMicroglia recapitulate key human microglia functions with lot-to-lot consistency, including mediating an inflammatory response, disposal of unwanted materials, and carrying out immune surveillance. In addition, ioMicroglia also display chemotaxis and can be co-cultured with ioGlutamatergic Neurons™ to gain insights into complex intercellular interactions.

ioMicroglia provide a functional, consistent, rapid, and easy-to-use hiPSC-based model for neurodegenerative disease research and drug development. These cells can be used in conjunction with our female iPSC donor-derived ioMicroglia (io1029) and related disease models for Alzheimer's to study the effect of donor and sex-related differences and disease relevant mutations on microglia phenotype, functionality, and drug response.

Benchtop benefits

Functional

ioMicroglia display key phagocytic and cytokine secretion functions with lot-to-lot consistency.

Quick

Rapidly maturing male donor-derived human microglia that are ready to use within 10 days post-revival.

Co-culture compatible

Suitable for co-culture studies with neurons at 1 day post-thaw.

Cells arrive ready to plate

Male donor-derived ioMicroglia are delivered in a cryopreserved format and are programmed to rapidly mature upon revival in the recommended media. The protocol for the generation of these cells is a three-phase process: an Induction phase that is carried out at bit.bio, Phase 1: Stabilisation for 24 hours, Phase 2: Maturation for a further 9 days, Phase 3: the Maintenance phase. Cells are ready to use from day 10.

Product specifications

Starting material

Human iPSC line

Seeding compatibility

6, 12, 24, 96 & 384 well plates

Shipping info

Dry ice

Donor

Caucasian adult male (skin fibroblast)

Vial size

Small: >1.5 x 10⁶ viable cells
Large: >5 x 10⁶ viable cells

Quality control

Sterility, protein expression (ICC), and functional phagocytosis.

Differentiation method

opti-ox deterministic cell programming

Recommended seeding density

37,000 to 39,500 cells/cm²

User storage

LN2 or -150°C

Format

Cryopreserved cells

Product use

ioCells are for research use only

Applications

Neurodegenerative disease modeling
Drug discovery and development
Neuroinflammation modelling
Phagocytosis assays
Cytokine response assays
Co-culture studies
Transcriptome analysis

What scientists say about ioMicroglia

Matteo Zanella, PhD

Associate Research Leader | Charles River

"At Charles River we used bit.bio ioMicroglia in several projects. We are very satisfied with their performances, as they efficiently and robustly recapitulate both morphological and functional properties of microglia cells"

Technical data

Ready within days

opti-ox precision deterministically programmed ioMicroglia from a male donor rapidly form a homogenous microglia population.

Time-lapse video capturing the rapid and homogeneous microglia phenotype acquisition upon thawing of cryopreserved male donor-derived ioMicroglia. 10 day time course.

Highly characterised and defined

Flow cytometry analysis of male donor-derived ioMicroglia shows key phenotypic marker expression 

Flow cytometry analysis of day 10 male donor-derived ioMicroglia shows key microglia marker expression of TMEM119, P2RY12, CD14, CD45 and CD11b with a purity of above 95% for CD45, CD11b and CD14, >80% for TMEM119 and CD45, and >70% for TMEM119 and P2RY12. 

View the cell detachment protocol used to generate this data.

Male donor-derived ioMicroglia show key microglia marker expression

Immunofluorescent staining of day 10 male donor-derived ioMicroglia shows homogenous expression of P2RY12, IBA1 and TREM2, and a typical ramified morphology. DAPI counterstain (blue). Image taken at 10x magnification.

Male donor-derived ioMicroglia show ramified morphology by day 10

DAY 1

DAY 4

DAY 6

DAY 10

Rapid morphological changes in the cells upon thawing, with key ramified morphology first identified by day 4 and continuing through to day 10. Day 1 to 10 post-thawing; 100x magnification; scale bar; 400 µm.

Whole transcriptome analysis demonstrates high lot-to-lot consistency of male donor-derived ioMicroglia

Bulk RNA sequencing analysis was performed on three independent lots of male donor-derived ioMicroglia at three different time points throughout the reprogramming protocol. Principal component analysis represents the variance in gene expression between the lots and shows the high consistency across each lot at each given time point. Populations of male donor-derived ioMicroglia with equivalent expression profiles can be generated consistently from every vial, allowing confidence in experimental reproducibility.

Whole transcriptome analysis demonstrates that male donor-derived ioMicroglia are highly similar to primary adult, foetal and other iPSC-derived microglia

Principal component analysis of bulk RNA sequencing data from male donor-derived ioMicroglia, integrated with sequencing data from Abud et al. (1) shows that these cells cluster closely to primary foetal and adult microglia data sets derived from this publication. Shapes represent the experiment from which data was obtained and colours represent the cell type.

(1) Abud E, et al., Neuron, 2018; 94(2): 278-293

Key functions with consistency

Phagocytosis of E. coli particles by male donor-derived ioMicroglia 

Day 10 male donor-derived ioMicroglia from three independent lots were incubated with 1 µg/0.33 cm² pHrodo RED labelled E. coli particles for 24 hours +/- cytochalasin D control. Images were acquired every 30 mins on the Incucyte^® looking at red fluorescence and phase contrast. The graph displays the proportion of cells phagocytosing E. coli particles over 24 hours. Three technical replicates were performed per lot. 

Degree of phagocytosis of E. coli particles by male donor-derived ioMicroglia

Day 10 male donor-derived ioMicroglia from three independent lots were incubated with 1 µg/0.33 cm² pHrodo RED labelled E. coli particles for 24 hours +/- cytochalasin D control. Images were acquired every 30 mins on the Incucyte^® looking at red fluorescence and phase contrast. The graph displays the fluorescence intensity per cell displaying degree of phagocytosis per cell, data from three independent lots. Three technical replicates were performed per lot. 

Phagocytosis of Amyloid Beta-42 particles by male donor-derived ioMicroglia 

Day 10 male donor-derived ioMicroglia were incubated with 500 nM AF488 labelled Aβ42 +/- cytochalasin D for 20 hours with images acquired every 30 mins on the Incucyte^® and degree of phagocytosis calculated based on fluorescence. Three technical replicates were performed.

Male donor-derived ioMicroglia secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines upon activation

Day 10 male donor-derived ioMicroglia were stimulated with LPS 100 ng/ml and IFNɣ 20 ng/ml for 24 hours or pHrodo RED labelled E. coli particles. Supernatants were harvested and analysed using MSD V-plex Proinflammatory Kit. These cells secrete TNF⍺, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1b, IL-12p70 and IL-10 in response to stimuli. Predominantly producing a pro-inflammatory response. This is consistent across two independent lots. Three technical replicates were performed per lot. 

 

View the stimulation for cytokine release protocol used to generate this data.

 

Male donor-derived ioMicroglia show a pro-inflammatory cytokine response to LPS and dexamethasone treatment

Day 10 male donor-derived ioMicroglia were stimulated with increasing concentrations of LPS (10, 30, 100 and 300 ng/ml) +/- dexamethasone. Supernatants were harvested at 6 or 24 hours post-stimulation and analysed using the MSD V-plex Proinflammatory Kit. These cells secrete TNF-⍺, IL-6, IL-10, IL-8, IL-1β and IL-12p70 upon treatment with LPS and inhibition is observed when treated with dexamethasone except for IL-10, as expected. These cells predominantly produce a pro-inflammatory response. Bars represent an average of n=3 replicates with standard deviation. This data was generated by Malika Bsibsi, Kimberly Lo, Matteo Zanella, Lieke Geerts, and Stefan Kostense from Charles River Laboratories (2).

(2)  Malika Bsibsi, Kimberly Lo, Matteo Zanella, Lieke Geerts, and Stefan Kostense, Charles River Laboratories, Darwinweg 24, 2333 Leiden, The Netherlands.

Male donor-derived ioMicroglia show a pro-inflammatory cytokine response to LPS and Amyloid Beta stimulation

Day 14 male donor-derived ioMicroglia were stimulated with either 0.5 µM of β-amyloid or 100 ng/ml of LPS. Supernatants were harvested after 24 hours and analysed with a custom Human Luminex^® Discovery Assay kit (R&D Systems). These cells secrete various pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines including TNF-⍺, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, CCL2, CCL3, CCL5, and CXCL1 following stimulation. Bars represent an average of n=2 or n=3 replicates with standard error. This data was generated by Eve Corrie and Emma V. Jones from Medicines Discovery Catapult (3).

(3) Eve Corrie, Emma V. Jones, Medicines Discovery Catapult, Block 35, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, SK10 4ZF. UK.

C5a-mediated chemotaxis

Male donor-derived ioMicroglia display C5a-mediated chemotaxis in a dose-dependent manner

Male donor-derived ioMicroglia were seeded and matured in a plate for 1 week before adding C5a (chemoattractant) and scanning for cell migration. The chemotaxis assay was performed using Clearview plates with the Incucyte® Chemotaxis Analysis Software module. A and B, confluency in the insert (top area) decreased over time as the cells migrated towards C5a, via pores in the insert into a reservoir containing C5a, in a dose-dependent manner. Corresponding confluency in the reservoir (bottom area) increased over time. C and D, Maximal migration of cells is observed at 10 nM with a 5-fold increase in cells present in the reservoir at 60 hours. Explore the full dataset.

This data was generated by Eve Corrie and Emma V. Jones from Medicines Discovery Catapult (3).

(3) Eve Corrie, Emma V. Jones, Medicines Discovery Catapult, Block 35, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, SK10 4ZF. UK.

Co-culture compatible

Male donor-derived ioMicroglia form co-cultures with ioGlutamatergic Neurons 

ioGlutamatergic Neurons (io1001) were cultured to day 10 post-thaw. Male donor-derived ioMicroglia (io1021) cultured to either day 1 or day 10 post-thaw were added directly to day 10 ioGlutamatergic Neurons. The co-cultures were maintained for a further 8 days. Imaging was performed in 30-minute intervals. Representative video showing that these cells form a stable co-culture with ioGlutamatergic Neurons. 

View the co-culture protocol used to generate this data.

Key marker expression in male donor-derived ioMicroglia and ioGlutamatergic Neuron co-cultures

MAP2

IBA1

MERGE

Immunofluorescent analysis at day 8 of the co-cultures shows expression of the microglia marker, IBA1 (yellow) and the pan-neuronal marker, MAP2 (red), as expected. Representative images taken at 10x magnification with 100 μm scale bar.

View the co-culture protocol used to generate this data.

Male donor-derived ioMicroglia retain phagocytic function in co-culture with ioGlutamatergic Neurons

Representative video showing male donor-derived ioMicroglia in co-culture with ioGlutamatergic Neurons selectively phagocytosing pHrodo Red labelled Zymosan particles, without any adverse effects on neuron morphology. ioMicroglia start to fluoresce red when they have engulfed material which is initiated by a shift in pH.

View the co-culture protocol used to generate this data.

Technical data

Phagocytosis of E.coli and Aβ-42 particles

Phagocytosis of E. coli particles by male donor-derived ioMicroglia 

Day 10 male donor-derived ioMicroglia from three independent lots were incubated with 1 µg/0.33 cm² pHrodo RED labelled E. coli particles for 24 hours +/- cytochalasin D control. Images were acquired every 30 mins on the Incucyte^® looking at red fluorescence and phase contrast. The graph displays the proportion of cells phagocytosing E. coli particles over 24 hours. Three technical replicates were performed per lot. 

Degree of phagocytosis of E. coli particles by male donor-derived ioMicroglia

Day 10 male donor-derived ioMicroglia from three independent lots were incubated with 1 µg/0.33 cm² pHrodo RED labelled E. coli particles for 24 hours +/- cytochalasin D control. Images were acquired every 30 mins on the Incucyte^® looking at red fluorescence and phase contrast. The graph displays the fluorescence intensity per cell displaying degree of phagocytosis per cell, data from three independent lots. Three technical replicates were performed per lot. 

Phagocytosis of Amyloid Beta-42 particles by male donor-derived ioMicroglia 

Day 10 male donor-derived ioMicroglia were incubated with 500 nM AF488 labelled Aβ42 +/- cytochalasin D for 20 hours with images acquired every 30 mins on the Incucyte^® and degree of phagocytosis calculated based on fluorescence. Three technical replicates were performed.

Cytokine secretion following LPS, E. coli, and Amyloid-beta stimulation

Male donor-derived ioMicroglia secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines upon activation

Day 10 male donor-derived ioMicroglia were stimulated with LPS 100 ng/ml and IFNɣ 20 ng/ml for 24 hours or pHrodo RED labelled E. coli particles. Supernatants were harvested and analysed using MSD V-plex Proinflammatory Kit. These cells secrete TNF⍺, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1b, IL-12p70 and IL-10 in response to stimuli. Predominantly producing a pro-inflammatory response. This is consistent across two independent lots. Three technical replicates were performed per lot. 

 

View the stimulation for cytokine release protocol used to generate this data.

 

Male donor-derived ioMicroglia show a pro-inflammatory cytokine response to LPS and dexamethasone treatment

Day 10 male donor-derived ioMicroglia were stimulated with increasing concentrations of LPS (10, 30, 100 and 300 ng/ml) +/- dexamethasone. Supernatants were harvested at 6 or 24 hours post-stimulation and analysed using the MSD V-plex Proinflammatory Kit. These cells secrete TNF-⍺, IL-6, IL-10, IL-8, IL-1β and IL-12p70 upon treatment with LPS and inhibition is observed when treated with dexamethasone except for IL-10, as expected. These cells predominantly produce a pro-inflammatory response. Bars represent an average of n=3 replicates with standard deviation. This data was generated by Malika Bsibsi, Kimberly Lo, Matteo Zanella, Lieke Geerts, and Stefan Kostense from Charles River Laboratories (2).

(2)  Malika Bsibsi, Kimberly Lo, Matteo Zanella, Lieke Geerts, and Stefan Kostense, Charles River Laboratories, Darwinweg 24, 2333 Leiden, The Netherlands.

Male donor-derived ioMicroglia show a pro-inflammatory cytokine response to LPS and Amyloid Beta stimulation

Day 14 male donor-derived ioMicroglia were stimulated with either 0.5 µM of β-amyloid or 100 ng/ml of LPS. Supernatants were harvested after 24 hours and analysed with a custom Human Luminex^® Discovery Assay kit (R&D Systems). These cells secrete various pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines including TNF-⍺, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, CCL2, CCL3, CCL5, and CXCL1 following stimulation. Bars represent an average of n=2 or n=3 replicates with standard error. This data was generated by Eve Corrie and Emma V. Jones from Medicines Discovery Catapult (3).

(3) Eve Corrie, Emma V. Jones, Medicines Discovery Catapult, Block 35, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, SK10 4ZF. UK.

C5a-mediated chemotaxis

Male donor-derived ioMicroglia display C5a-mediated chemotaxis in a dose-dependent manner

Male donor-derived ioMicroglia were seeded and matured in a plate for 1 week before adding C5a (chemoattractant) and scanning for cell migration. The chemotaxis assay was performed using Clearview plates with the Incucyte® Chemotaxis Analysis Software module. A and B, confluency in the insert (top area) decreased over time as the cells migrated towards C5a, via pores in the insert into a reservoir containing C5a, in a dose-dependent manner. Corresponding confluency in the reservoir (bottom area) increased over time. C and D, Maximal migration of cells is observed at 10 nM with a 5-fold increase in cells present in the reservoir at 60 hours. Explore the full dataset.

This data was generated by Eve Corrie and Emma V. Jones from Medicines Discovery Catapult (3).

(3) Eve Corrie, Emma V. Jones, Medicines Discovery Catapult, Block 35, Mereside, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, SK10 4ZF. UK.

Neuron and microglia co-cultures with phagocytic functionality

Male donor-derived ioMicroglia form co-cultures with ioGlutamatergic Neurons 

ioGlutamatergic Neurons (io1001) were cultured to day 10 post-thaw. Male donor-derived ioMicroglia (io1021) cultured to either day 1 or day 10 post-thaw were added directly to day 10 ioGlutamatergic Neurons. The co-cultures were maintained for a further 8 days. Imaging was performed in 30-minute intervals. Representative video showing that these cells form a stable co-culture with ioGlutamatergic Neurons. 

View the co-culture protocol used to generate this data.

Key marker expression in male donor-derived ioMicroglia and ioGlutamatergic Neuron co-cultures

MAP2

IBA1

MERGE

Immunofluorescent analysis at day 8 of the co-cultures shows expression of the microglia marker, IBA1 (yellow) and the pan-neuronal marker, MAP2 (red), as expected. Representative images taken at 10x magnification with 100 μm scale bar.

View the co-culture protocol used to generate this data.

Male donor-derived ioMicroglia retain phagocytic function in co-culture with ioGlutamatergic Neurons

Representative video showing male donor-derived ioMicroglia in co-culture with ioGlutamatergic Neurons selectively phagocytosing pHrodo Red labelled Zymosan particles, without any adverse effects on neuron morphology. ioMicroglia start to fluoresce red when they have engulfed material which is initiated by a shift in pH.

View the co-culture protocol used to generate this data.

Flow cytometry analysis of microglia markers

Flow cytometry analysis of male donor-derived ioMicroglia shows key phenotypic marker expression 

Flow cytometry analysis of day 10 male donor-derived ioMicroglia shows key microglia marker expression of TMEM119, P2RY12, CD14, CD45 and CD11b with a purity of above 95% for CD45, CD11b and CD14, >80% for TMEM119 and CD45, and >70% for TMEM119 and P2RY12. 

View the cell detachment protocol used to generate this data.

Get started with

User Manual

Co-culture protocol for neurons and microglia

Stimulation for cytokine release protocol

Cell detachment protocol

Documentation

User Manual

Limited Use License & Statement of Use

Product resources

(LinkedValues: [{hs_name=Quantifying C5a-mediated chemotaxis in precision reprogrammed hiPSC-derived ioMicroglia, hs_id=169942560168, hs_path=quantifying-c5a-mediated-chemotaxis-in-human-ipsc-derived-microglia, button_label=null, button_link=null, type={value=Application note, label=Application note}, thumbnail={alt_text=Microglia blog email header format, width=1504, url=https://14527135.fs1.hubspotusercontent-na1.net/hubfs/14527135/Emails/Header%20images/Header%20Images%20-%20ICC%20only/Microglia%20blog%20email%20header%20format.png, height=850}, year={value=2024, label=2024}, summary=<p>bit.bio | Medicines Discovery Catapult</p> <p>2024</p>, date_published=1717977600000, sort_date=1717977600000, tags=[{value=ioMicroglia, label=ioMicroglia}], media_contact=V1<br>2024<br>bit.bio | Medicines Discovery Catapult, listing_button_label=Download}, {hs_name=Sartorius application note - Advanced in vitro Modeling of Human iPSC-derived Neuronal Mono- and Co-cultures with Microglia, hs_id=177620758074, hs_path=sartorius-application-note-advanced-in-vitro-modeling-of-human-ipsc-derived-neuronal-mono-and-co-cultures-with-microglia, button_label=null, button_link=null, type={value=Application note, label=Application note}, thumbnail={alt_text=co culture low density progenitors compressed, width=1732, url=https://14527135.fs1.hubspotusercontent-na1.net/hubfs/14527135/Website%20content/Product%20pages/ioMicroglia/co%20culture%20low%20density%20progenitors%20compressed.png, height=970}, year={value=2024, label=2024}, summary=Trigg et al.,<br>Sartorius<br>2024, date_published=1725580800000, sort_date=1725580800000, tags=[{value=ioGlutamatergic Neurons, label=ioGlutamatergic Neurons}, {value=ioMicroglia, label=ioMicroglia}, {value=ioGlutamatergic Neurons HTT 50CAG/WT, label=ioGlutamatergic Neurons HTT 50CAG/WT}], media_contact=Trigg et al.,<br>Sartorius<br>2024, listing_button_label=Download}, {hs_name=Improving physiological relevance in neurological disease drug development, hs_id=169978477617, hs_path=improving-physiological-relevance-neurological-disease-drug-development-with-human-ipsc-derived-microglia, button_label=null, button_link=null, type={value=Case study, label=Case study}, thumbnail={alt_text=Elise Malavasi_Concept Life Sciences image, width=1800, url=https://14527135.fs1.hubspotusercontent-na1.net/hubfs/14527135/Website%20content/Resources/Case%20Studies/Concept%20Life%20Sciences_ioMicroglia%20Male/Elise%20Malavasi_Concept%20Life%20Sciences%20image.jpg, height=1199}, year={value=2024, label=2024}, summary=<p>Elise Malavasi, PhD<br>Principal Scientist<br>Concept Life Sciences</p>, date_published=1717977600000, sort_date=1717977600000, tags=[{value=ioMicroglia, label=ioMicroglia}], media_contact=V1 <br>2024 <br>bit.bio | Concept Life Sciences&nbsp;, listing_button_label=Download}, {hs_name=ioMicroglia, hs_id=164676247912, hs_path=microglia, button_label=View brochure, button_link=https://14527135.fs1.hubspotusercontent-na1.net/hubfs/14527135/Website%20content/Resources/Brochures/bit.bio-ioMicroglia-Male-Brochure.pdf, type={value=Brochure, label=Brochure}, thumbnail={alt_text=Microglia hero 2 resize brighten v2 compress, width=1800, url=https://14527135.fs1.hubspotusercontent-na1.net/hubfs/14527135/Website%20content/Product%20pages/ioMicroglia/Microglia%20hero%202%20resize%20brighten%20v2%20compress.png, height=1800}, year={value=2024, label=2024}, summary=bit.bio, date_published=1713312000000, sort_date=1713312000000, tags=[{value=ioMicroglia, label=ioMicroglia}, {value=Product information, label=Product information}], media_contact=null, listing_button_label=Download}, {hs_name=Rapid and consistent generation of functional microglia from reprogrammed hiPSCs to study neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation, hs_id=161961134491, hs_path=poster-rapid_and_consistent_generation_of_functional_ipsc_derived_microglia, button_label=View poster, button_link=https://14527135.fs1.hubspotusercontent-na1.net/hubfs/14527135/Website%20content/Product%20pages/ioMicroglia/bitbio-ioMicroglia_poster-V7-press_SfN%202022.pdf, type={value=Poster, label=Poster}, thumbnail={alt_text=, width=1504, url=https://14527135.fs1.hubspotusercontent-na1.net/hubfs/14527135/Emails/Header%20images/Header%20Images%20-%20ICC%20only/Microglia%20blog%20email%20header%20format.png, height=850}, year={value=2022, label=2022}, summary=<p>Raman, et al</p> <p>bit.bio</p> <p>2022</p>, date_published=1709251200000, sort_date=1669680000000, tags=[{value=ioGlutamatergic Neurons, label=ioGlutamatergic Neurons}, {value=ioMicroglia, label=ioMicroglia}], media_contact=null, listing_button_label=View}, {hs_name=Generation and characterisation of a panel of human iPSC-derived neurons and microglia carrying early and late onset relevant mutations for Alzheimer’s disease, hs_id=161961134495, hs_path=slas2024-ad-poster, button_label=null, button_link=null, type={value=Poster, label=Poster}, thumbnail={alt_text=, width=1800, url=https://14527135.fs1.hubspotusercontent-na1.net/hubfs/14527135/Website%20content/Product%20pages/ioMicroglia/Microglia%20hero%202%20resize%20brighten%20v2%20compress.png, height=1800}, year={value=2024, label=2024}, summary=Smith, et al.&nbsp;<br>bit.bio<br>2024, date_published=1711065600000, sort_date=1708300800000, tags=[{value=ioGlutamatergic Neurons, label=ioGlutamatergic Neurons}, {value=ioGABAergic Neurons, label=ioGABAergic Neurons}, {value=ioMicroglia, label=ioMicroglia}], media_contact=Smith et al.&nbsp;<br>bit.bio<br>2024, listing_button_label=Download}, {hs_name=CRISPR knockout screening for drug target identification and validation using CRISPR-Ready ioMicroglia, hs_id=168100039534, hs_path=slas-2024-crisprready-iomicroglia, button_label=null, button_link=null, type={value=Poster, label=Poster}, thumbnail={alt_text=bitbio-ioMicroglia_knockout-email_header-600x339, width=601, url=https://14527135.fs1.hubspotusercontent-na1.net/hubfs/14527135/Emails/Header%20images/Header%20Images%20-%20graphically%20designed/bitbio-ioMicroglia_knockout-email_header-600x339.png, height=340}, year={value=2024, label=2024}, summary=Schmidt, et al<br>bit.bio<br>2024, date_published=1716336000000, sort_date=1716336000000, tags=[{value=ioMicroglia, label=ioMicroglia}, {value=CRISPR-Ready ioCells, label=CRISPR-Ready ioCells}, {value=CRISPR-Ready ioMicroglia, label=CRISPR-Ready ioMicroglia}], media_contact=<p>Schmidt et al</p> <p>bit.bio<br>2024</p>, listing_button_label=Download}, {hs_name=Reprogramming the stem cell for a new generation of cures, hs_id=161968263465, hs_path=reprogramming-the-stem-cell-for-a-new-generation-of-cures, button_label=Read more, button_link=https://www.ddw-online.com/reprogramming-the-stem-cell-for-a-new-generation-of-cures-1459-202004/, type={value=Publication, label=Publication}, thumbnail={alt_text=, width=2092, url=https://14527135.fs1.hubspotusercontent-na1.net/hubfs/14527135/bit.bio%20ioGlutamatergic%20Neurons%202022.jpg, height=1584}, year={value=2020, label=2020}, summary=<p>Davenport A, Frolov T &amp; Kotter M</p> <p><em>Drug Discovery World</em></p> <p>2020</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>, date_published=1585872000000, sort_date=1597968000000, tags=[{value=ioGlutamatergic Neurons, label=ioGlutamatergic Neurons}, {value=ioSkeletal Myocytes, label=ioSkeletal Myocytes}, {value=ioGABAergic Neurons, label=ioGABAergic Neurons}, {value=ioMicroglia, label=ioMicroglia}, {value=ioSensory Neurons, label=ioSensory Neurons}, {value=ioMotor Neurons, label=ioMotor Neurons}, {value=ioAstrocytes, label=ioAstrocytes}], media_contact=<p><span>Davenport A, Frolov T &amp; Kotter M.</span></p> <p><em>Drug Discovery World</em></p> <p>2020</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>, listing_button_label=Read more}, {hs_name=Circadian clocks in human cerebral organoids, hs_id=178051600304, hs_path=circadian-clocks-in-human-cerebral-organoids-article, button_label=Read more, button_link=https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.02.20.580978v1.full, type={value=Publication, label=Publication}, thumbnail={alt_text=Hero image_CRISPR-Ready ioMicroglia, width=1422, url=https://14527135.fs1.hubspotusercontent-na1.net/hubfs/14527135/Website%20content/Product%20pages/ioMicroglia/Hero%20image_CRISPR-Ready%20ioMicroglia.png, height=1920}, year={value=2024, label=2024}, summary=<p>Rzechorzek, et al</p> <p><em>bioRxiv</em></p> <p>2024</p> <p>Featuring <a href="https://www.bit.bio/platform" rel="noopener" target="_blank">opti-ox</a>enabled microglia male iPS cell line and opti-ox enabled glutamatergic neurons iPS cell line</p>, date_published=1708473600000, sort_date=1708473600000, tags=[{value=ioGlutamatergic Neurons, label=ioGlutamatergic Neurons}, {value=ioMicroglia, label=ioMicroglia}], media_contact=<p>Rzechorzek, et al</p> <p><em>bioRxiv</em></p> <p>2024</p> <p>Featuring <a href="https://www.bit.bio/platform" rel="noopener" target="_blank">opti-ox</a>enabled microglia male iPS cell line and opti-ox enabled glutamatergic neurons iPS cell line</p>, listing_button_label=Read more}, {hs_name=Precision Cellular Reprogramming for Scalable and Consistent Human Neurodegenerative Disease Models, hs_id=161968263479, hs_path=precision-cellular-reprogramming-for-scalable-and-consistent-human-neurodegenerative-disease-models, button_label=Explore ioDisease Model Cells, button_link=https://www.bit.bio/iodisease-models, type={value=Talk, label=Talk}, thumbnail={alt_text=, width=1860, url=https://14527135.fs1.hubspotusercontent-na1.net/hubfs/14527135/Website%20content/Resources/Tech%20Nets%20online%20symposium%20header%20(1).png, height=1260}, year={value=2023, label=2023}, summary=<p>Madeleine Garrett | Field Application Specialist | bit.bio</p>, date_published=1709078400000, sort_date=1681344000000, tags=[{value=ioGlutamatergic Neurons, label=ioGlutamatergic Neurons}, {value=ioGlutamatergic Neurons HTT 50CAG/WT, label=ioGlutamatergic Neurons HTT 50CAG/WT}, {value=ioMicroglia, label=ioMicroglia}, {value=ioGlutamatergic Neurons TDP-43 M337V Het, label=ioGlutamatergic Neurons TDP-43 M337V Het}, {value=ioGlutamatergic Neurons TDP-43 M337V Hom, label=ioGlutamatergic Neurons TDP-43 M337V Hom}, {value=ioGlutamatergic Neurons MAPT P301S/WT, label=ioGlutamatergic Neurons MAPT P301S/WT}, {value=ioGlutamatergic Neurons MAPT P301S/P301S, label=ioGlutamatergic Neurons MAPT P301S/P301S}, {value=ioGlutamatergic Neurons MAPT N279K/WT, label=ioGlutamatergic Neurons MAPT N279K/WT}, {value=ioOligodendrocyte-like cells, label=ioOligodendrocyte-like cells}, {value=ioMotor Neurons, label=ioMotor Neurons}], media_contact=null, listing_button_label=Watch now}, {hs_name=ioMicroglia | User manaual, hs_id=161968263489, hs_path=microglia, button_label=null, button_link=null, type={value=User manual, label=User manual}, thumbnail={alt_text=, width=2400, url=https://14527135.fs1.hubspotusercontent-na1.net/hubfs/14527135/Website%20content/Product%20pages/ioMicroglia/bit.bio_40x%20ioMicroglia%20continuous%20culture.jpg, height=1510}, year={value=2025, label=2025}, summary=<p><span>V8</span></p> <p><span>bit.bio</span></p> <p><span>2025</span></p>, date_published=1709337600000, sort_date=1740355200000, tags=[{value=Product information, label=Product information}, {value=ioMicroglia, label=ioMicroglia}], media_contact=<p>V8</p> <p>bit.bio</p> <p>2025</p>, listing_button_label=Download}, {hs_name=Modelling human neurodegenerative diseases in research & drug discovery, hs_id=161968263520, hs_path=modelling-human-neurodegenerative-diseases-in-research-drug-discovery, button_label=Explore ioDisease Model Cells, button_link=https://www.bit.bio/iodisease-models, type={value=Webinar, label=Webinar}, thumbnail={alt_text=, width=1200, url=https://14527135.fs1.hubspotusercontent-na1.net/hubfs/14527135/BitBio2022/product-page/Colour%20webinar%20with%20it-bio%20ioGlutamatergic%20Neurons_VGLUT2(G)_MAP2(R)_Tubb3(B)_Hoechst(B)_20x_merge-comp.jpg, height=717}, year={value=2022, label=2022}, summary=<p><span>Dr Mariangela Iovino | Group Leader | Charles River</span></p> <p><span>Dr Tony Oosterveen | Senior Scientist | bit.bio</span></p>, date_published=1707523200000, sort_date=1649116800000, tags=[{value=ioGABAergic Neurons, label=ioGABAergic Neurons}, {value=Product information, label=Product information}, {value=ioGlutamatergic Neurons HTT 50CAG/WT, label=ioGlutamatergic Neurons HTT 50CAG/WT}, {value=ioMicroglia, label=ioMicroglia}, {value=ioGlutamatergic Neurons TDP-43 M337V Het, label=ioGlutamatergic Neurons TDP-43 M337V Het}, {value=ioGlutamatergic Neurons TDP-43 M337V Hom, label=ioGlutamatergic Neurons TDP-43 M337V Hom}, {value=ioSensory Neurons, label=ioSensory Neurons}], media_contact=<p>&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>, listing_button_label=Watch now}, {hs_name=Alzheimer’s Disease Pathogenesis: Emerging Role of Microglia, hs_id=161968263522, hs_path=alzheimers-disease-pathogenesis-emerging-role-of-microglia, button_label=null, button_link=null, type={value=Webinar, label=Webinar}, thumbnail={alt_text=, width=1200, url=https://14527135.fs1.hubspotusercontent-na1.net/hubfs/14527135/Emails/Webinar/Bit-bio%20Resources%20-%20ioMicroglia%20GEN%20Webinar.png, height=730}, year={value=2022, label=2022}, summary=<p>Dr Matthias Pawlowski | Head, Dementia-Sensitive Hospital | University of Münster</p> <p><span>Dr Malathi Raman | Senior Product Manager | bit.bio</span></p>, date_published=1708214400000, sort_date=1666569600000, tags=[{value=ioMicroglia, label=ioMicroglia}, {value=ioOligodendrocyte-like cells, label=ioOligodendrocyte-like cells}], media_contact=<p>&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>, listing_button_label=Watch now}, {hs_name=Rethinking Developmental Biology With Cellular Reprogramming, hs_id=161968263524, hs_path=rethinking-developmental-biology-with-cellular-reprogramming, button_label=Explore ioCells, button_link=https://www.bit.bio/discover-iocells, type={value=Webinar, label=Webinar}, thumbnail={alt_text=, width=1860, url=https://14527135.fs1.hubspotusercontent-na1.net/hubfs/14527135/Website%20content/Upcoming%20Webinars/Tech%20Nets%202023/bit.bio_ioGlutamatergic%20Neurons_20xMAP2(red)Hoescht(blue)_day12v2.png, height=1260}, year={value=2023, label=2023}, summary=<p>Mark Kotter | CEO and founder | bit.bio</p> <p>Marius Wernig | Professor Departments of Pathology and Chemical and Systems Biology |&nbsp; Stanford University</p>, date_published=1709164800000, sort_date=1681776000000, tags=[{value=ioGlutamatergic Neurons, label=ioGlutamatergic Neurons}, {value=ioGABAergic Neurons, label=ioGABAergic Neurons}, {value=ioMicroglia, label=ioMicroglia}, {value=Cell therapy, label=Cell therapy}, {value=ioSensory Neurons, label=ioSensory Neurons}, {value=ioOligodendrocyte-like cells, label=ioOligodendrocyte-like cells}], media_contact=null, listing_button_label=Watch now}, {hs_name=Mastering Cell Identity In A Dish: The Power Of Cellular Reprogramming, hs_id=161968263526, hs_path=mastering-cell-identity-in-a-dish-the-power-of-cellular-reprogramming, button_label=null, button_link=null, type={value=Webinar, label=Webinar}, thumbnail={alt_text=, width=3926, url=https://14527135.fs1.hubspotusercontent-na1.net/hubfs/14527135/Website%20content/Upcoming%20Webinars/GEN%2023rd%20June%202023/io1013S-ioGlutamatergic-Neurons-PRKN-R275W-heterozygous-ICC-DAPI-MAP2.jpeg, height=1629}, year={value=2023, label=2023}, summary=<p>Prof Roger Pedersen | Adjunct Professor and Senior Research Scientist at Stanford University&nbsp;</p> <p>Dr Thomas Moreau | Director of Cell Biology Research | bit.bio</p>, date_published=1709856000000, sort_date=1686700800000, tags=[{value=ioGABAergic Neurons, label=ioGABAergic Neurons}, {value=ioMicroglia, label=ioMicroglia}, {value=ioSensory Neurons, label=ioSensory Neurons}, {value=ioMotor Neurons, label=ioMotor Neurons}], media_contact=null, listing_button_label=Watch now}, {hs_name=Sex differences in neurological research, hs_id=187101246980, hs_path=sex-differences-in-neurological-research, button_label=null, button_link=null, type={value=Webinar, label=Webinar}, thumbnail={alt_text=ioMicroglia female hero image V2, width=1801, url=https://14527135.fs1.hubspotusercontent-na1.net/hubfs/14527135/ioMicroglia%20female/ioMicroglia%20female%20hero%20image%20V2.png, height=3000}, year={value=2025, label=2025}, summary=<p>Antonella Santuccione Chadha, MD | Founder and CEO | Women’s Brain Foundation<br><br></p> <p>Melanie Einsiedler, PhD | Scientific Contributor | Women’s Brain Foundation</p> <p><br>Rebecca Northeast, PhD | Senior Product Manager | bit.bio</p>, date_published=1740614400000, sort_date=1740614400000, tags=[{value=ioMicroglia, label=ioMicroglia}], media_contact=null, listing_button_label=Watch now}])

Webinar

Sex differences in neurological research

Antonella Santuccione Chadha, MD | Founder and CEO | Women’s Brain Foundation

Melanie Einsiedler, PhD | Scientific Contributor | Women’s Brain Foundation

Rebecca Northeast, PhD | Senior Product Manager | bit.bio

Watch now

User manual

ioMicroglia | User manaual

V8

bit.bio

2025

Download

Application note

Sartorius application note - Advanced in vitro Modeling of Human iPSC-derived Neuronal Mono- and Co-cultures with Microglia

Trigg et al.,
Sartorius
2024

Download

Case study

Improving physiological relevance in neurological disease drug development

Elise Malavasi, PhD
Principal Scientist
Concept Life Sciences

Download

Beyond neurons - microglia cells and their role in neurodegeneration and neurodevelopment

An interview with a leading researcher and microglia expert Dr Anthony Vernon at King's College Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, to demystify the complex roles of microglia in our brand new blog.

Read now

Expand your research

Click on the icons to find out more

Model diversity with ioMicroglia Female

De-risk compound screening with microglia from diverse backgrounds

Expand your research

Model diversity with ioMicroglia Female

De-risk compound screening with microglia from diverse backgrounds

Women are greatly underrepresented in drug development and clinical trials. 
Introducing female-derived cells into the early stage of research and drug discovery can help to better address this disparity.

Key applications for Female ioMicroglia in neurodegeneration drug discovery
- Neuroinflammatory in vitro modelling
- Target ID and validation
- Compound screening 

Discover the data

Build disease-relevant in vitro models

Model neurodegenerative disease with microglia-neuron co-cultures

Expand your research

Build disease-relevant in vitro models

Model neurodegenerative disease with microglia-neuron co-cultures

Access 20 neuronal disease models and 4 microglia disease models with a single co-culture protocol.

View the co-culture protocol 

Explore ioGlutamatergic Neuron Disease Models 
Explore ioMicroglia Disease Models

Light up your co-cultures

Track GFP ioMicroglia in complex multi-cell cultures

Expand your research

Light up your co-cultures

Track GFP ioMicroglia in complex multi-cell cultures

Human iPSC-derived microglia engineered to constitutively express GFP enable easy visualisation, tracking and isolation of cells in complex multi-cell cultures.

Discover the data

Simplify gene knockouts and CRISPR screens

Have you considered CRISPRko-Ready ioMicroglia?

Expand your research

Simplify gene knockouts and CRISPR screens

Have you considered CRISPRko-Ready ioMicroglia?

Built from our ioMicroglia Male and engineered to constitutively express Cas9. 
With optimised guide RNA delivery protocols and high knockout efficiency, start measuring readouts from gene knockouts and CRISPR screens within days.
Save months of work by skipping complex cell line engineering and cell differentiation workflows.

Discover the data on CRISPRko-Ready ioMicroglia

Scientists also searched

ioWild Type Cells

ioMicroglia | Female cat no | io1029

ioTracker Cells

New! GFP ioMicroglia | Male cat no | io1096

CRISPR-Ready ioCells

CRISPRko-Ready ioMicroglia Male cat no | io1094

ioDisease Model Cells

ioMicroglia APOE 4/4 C112R/C112R cat no | io1032

ioDisease Model Cells

ioMicroglia TREM2 R47H/WT cat no | io1038

ioDisease Model Cells

ioMicroglia APOE 4/3 C112R/WT cat no | io1033

ioDisease Model Cells

ioMicroglia TREM2 R47H/R47H cat no | io1035

ioWild Type Cells

ioGlutamatergic Neurons cat no | io1001

ioWild Type Cells

ioGABAergic Neurons cat no | io1003

ioWild Type Cells

ioOligodendrocyte-like cells cat no | io1028

ioCells catalogue

Human iPSC-derived cells

powered by opti-ox

Consistent. Defined. Scalable.

View all products